Oncorus

Oncorus, Inc. operated as a preclinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, which was established to develop and commercialize viral immunotherapies for cancer. The company was co-founded by Mitchell H. Finer, Ph.D., a Managing Director at MPM Capital with over three decades of experience in cell and gene therapy, cancer immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine. His extensive background includes leadership roles at bluebird bio, Intracel Corporation, and Cell Genesys. In August 2018, Theodore (Ted) Ashburn, M.D., Ph.D., formerly the Head of Oncology Development at Moderna Therapeutics, was appointed President and CEO. Ashburn brought experience from Sanofi Oncology, Genzyme, and Pfizer to guide Oncorus's development programs.

The company's core focus was on intravenously administered, self-amplifying RNA medicines designed to kill tumor cells and stimulate the immune system. Its business model centered on the research and development of these novel cancer therapies, with the ultimate goal of obtaining regulatory approval and bringing them to market for cancer patients. The company's main technology was a self-amplifying viral RNA (vRNA) platform. This approach involved encapsulating the RNA genomes of cancer-killing viruses within a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), creating an immunotherapy that could be administered intravenously. This delivery method was designed to be less immunogenic and to overcome challenges posed by neutralizing antibodies, which had limited previous RNA-based oncolytic therapies. The technology was engineered to enable the RNA to self-amplify within tumor cells, leading to the production of oncolytic virions that could destroy the tumor and recruit immune cells.

Oncorus's pipeline included several product candidates. Its lead program that eventually became the company's sole focus was ONCR-021, a vRNA immunotherapy based on an optimized strain of Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), intended for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and other cancers. Another candidate, ONCR-177, was designed for direct intratumoral administration and was based on the herpes simplex virus (oHSV). The company had also been developing its manufacturing capabilities, leasing an 88,000-square-foot facility in Andover, Massachusetts, to house research labs, process development, and GMP manufacturing.

Despite raising significant capital, including a $57 million Series A in 2016 and an IPO in October 2020, Oncorus faced strategic and financial headwinds. In November 2022, the company announced a portfolio reprioritization to focus exclusively on its self-amplifying RNA platform and its lead candidate, ONCR-021, discontinuing the trial for ONCR-177 and reducing its workforce by 20%. However, challenges in raising additional capital amidst difficult market conditions persisted. By June 2023, the company laid off substantially all of its remaining staff, including its CEO, COO, and CMO, and the board approved a plan for dissolution and liquidation. Subsequently, the company's assets, including its patented RNA, LNP, and HSV technology platforms, were put up for sale.

Keywords: Oncorus, self-amplifying RNA, RNA medicines, cancer therapy, immunotherapy, oncolytic virus, intravenous administration, lipid nanoparticle, LNP, vRNA, ONCR-021, Coxsackievirus A21, CVA21, ONCR-177, herpes simplex virus, oHSV, preclinical, biopharmaceutical, Theodore Ashburn, Mitchell Finer, MPM Capital, company dissolution, asset sale, biotechnology, oncology